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Flutter is a mobile app development framework that uses the Dart programming language. It works by using a reactive programming model, where the framework manages the flow of data through the app and updates the user interface automatically when the data changes. Under the hood, Flutter uses a fast, efficient rendering engine called Skia to draw the widgets (components) on the screen. It also uses a layered architecture that separates the app’s presentation from its business logic, making it easy to build and maintain complex apps. Additionally, Flutter includes a rich set of customizable widgets and a built-in development tool called the Flutter Inspector, which helps developers debug and optimize their apps.

Flutter’s widgets are rendered directly by the GPU, making the app’s performance more smooth and more responsive. The framework also uses hot reload, which allows developers to instantly see the changes they made to the code in the app without having to rebuild the entire project. This speeds up the development process and makes it easier to experiment with different ideas.

Flutter’s widgets are highly customizable and can be composed to create complex and expressive user interfaces. The framework includes a wide range of built-in widgets, such as buttons, text fields, and lists, as well as more advanced widgets like the AnimatedBuilder widget, which allows you to create animations easily.

Flutter also provides a rich set of APIs for interacting with the device’s hardware, such as the camera, GPS, and sensors. You can also use plugins to access native features unavailable in the framework.

In summary, Flutter is a mobile app development framework that uses the Dart programming language, a reactive programming model, a fast and efficient rendering engine called Skia, a layered architecture, a rich set of customizable widgets, a built-in development tool called the Flutter Inspector, hot reload feature, and a rich set of APIs for interacting with the device’s hardware.